СЕКЦИЯ 1: ПРИРОДОПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ И ОХРАНА ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ
UDC 630*232
STABILITY OF TREES PINE ORDINARY DIFFERENT CATEGORIES TO ROOT SPONGE
УСТОЙЧИВОСТЬ ДЕРЕВЬЕВ СОСНЫ ОБЫКНОВЕННОЙ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ КАТЕГОРИЙ К КОРНЕВОЙ ГУБКЕ
Rebko S.V., PhD (Agriculture), senior lecturer Belarusian State Technological University, Minsk, Republic of Belarus DOI: 10Л2737/14070
Summary: In the paper we study the stability of the pine trees of various forms and categories to the root sponge. The differences in terms of resistance to root sponge trees of pine-trees, depending on the shape of the crown, the type of sexualization shoots, forms and apophis cones.
Аннотация: Изучена устойчивость деревьев сосны обыкновенной различных форм и категорий к корневой губке. Выявлены различия по устойчивости к корневой губке деревьев сосны обыкновенной в зависимости от формы кроны, типа сексуализации побегов, формы и апофиза шишек.
Keywords: pine ordinary, stability, root sponge
Ключевые слова: сосна обыкновенная, устойчивость, корневая
губка.
Among infectious diseases, bringing significant damage to pine ordinary forest stand, is the root rot caused by heterobasidion. Infectious beginning of this pathogen is present in almost all plantations of pine-trees. This is due to the long and abundant sporulation fungus, the possibility of the easy transfer of infection for long distances, the ability to grow on the dead vegetation residues and a long time to maintain a viable mycelium. Especially strong distribution of the disease is observed in the pine plantations established on lands emerged from agricultural use.
To identify the forms pine resistant to time-off heterobasidion, a survey was conducted of net 45-year-old pine with damped centers of root rot. Culture created on lands emerged from agricultural use and is currently characterised by relatively good growth and productivity. Forestry and stand characteristics of the forest cultures follows: forest site type - pine stand mossy, the initial density - 7143 pieces per 1 ha, composition - 10P, the average diameter of 18.5 cm, average height is 19.5 m, relative density - 0.7, bonitet class - I, volume of stande - 250 m3/ha. Culture established on the territory of Negorelsky educational-experimental forestry enterprise unit.
In cultures identified 8 damped foci root sponge diameter of 25-30 m. In the center of lesions preserved pine trees that were not damaged by heterobasidion and do not have visible signs of desiccation or attenuation resistant trees. Trees in the foci of shrinkage depending on the state were divided into the following categories: sustainable weak and dying.
The studies found that the stable trees, which have survived in the foci of the root sponges, are characterized by a wide thick needles and low pubescence foliage, branches thick or an average thickness attached to the trunk of a right angle. Bark Pro-quite-grooved, rough. The length of the rough bark reaches more than 50% of the height of the trunk. They are well fructify and belong to the female type sexualization. Cones, as a rule, large, broad forms. Apophis cones flat or hilly. Resistant trees are characterized by lower levels of the late wood and a low sound of the wood.
Weakened trees growing fast and slow development. It is the highest trees with the rank and file of the crowns, branches are thin or average thickness with an acute angle attachment to the trunk. Bark more closely against the trunk, the relatively thin. The ratio of the diameter to height equal to one. Fruiting weak, characteristic mixed floor type sexualization shoots. Wood is distinguished equal balance kernel and sapwood.
Dried trees are narrow crown. However, there are wide crown form. Trees with strong growth and development, and lagged behind in growth and development. Fruiting average, type sexualization shoots mixed floor or not blooming. Cones extra egg shape with a flat apophis. For the drying out of the trees is characteristic of a substantial shareholding sound of wood.
УДК 62-192
